Module 5 — Subtopic 5
MC-ATERA Premium Page • Ekosistem pembelajaran bersepadu yang menghubungkan institusi, tempat kerja, digital dan pembelajaran sepanjang hayat.
Integrated Notes (Single Block)
Integrated Learning Model in TVET ialah pendekatan sistemik yang menyatukan pembelajaran di institusi, tempat kerja (WBL), persekitaran digital, dan pembelajaran sepanjang hayat supaya pembangunan kompetensi berlaku secara berterusan, kontekstual, dan relevan industri. Dalam kerangka CBET, teknologi dan aktiviti blended berfungsi sebagai pemangkin—bukan pengganti amali— untuk mempercepat persediaan, meningkatkan kualiti latihan, memudahkan bukti prestasi, dan memperkukuh maklum balas.
- Memahami struktur model pembelajaran bersepadu TVET
- Melihat hubungan dinamik antara institusi–industri–digital–lifelong
- Mengenal bentuk bukti & penilaian (evidence) untuk CBET
- Menetapkan “quality safeguards” untuk integriti kompetensi
- Mampu melakar model integrasi untuk satu program TVET
- Mampu memilih aktiviti & bukti kompetensi yang sah
- Mampu merancang loop maklum balas + peningkatan
The Integrated Learning Model in TVET is a systemic approach that connects learning across institutions, workplaces (WBL), digital environments, and lifelong learning to ensure competency development is continuous, contextual, and industry-relevant. Within CBET, technology and blended strategies act as enablers—not replacements for hands-on practice— improving preparation, training efficiency, performance evidence collection, and feedback quality.
- Understand the structure of an integrated TVET learning ecosystem
- See the dynamic links among institution–industry–digital–lifelong learning
- Identify valid CBET evidence and assessment mechanisms
- Set quality safeguards for competency integrity
- Design an integrated model for a TVET program
- Select valid activities and competency evidence
- Plan feedback loops and continuous improvement
TVET 综合学习模型是一种系统化方法，把学习整合到院校、工作场所（WBL）、数字环境与终身学习之中， 以确保能力发展连续、情境化并符合产业需求。在 CBET 框架下，数字与混合学习是助推器而非取代实操， 用于提升课前准备、训练效率、绩效证据采集与反馈质量。
- 理解 TVET 综合学习生态系统的结构
- 掌握院校–产业–数字–终身学习的动态连接
- 识别 CBET 的有效证据与评估方式
- 建立能力真实性与质量保障机制
- 能为某 TVET 项目设计综合学习模型
- 能选择合适活动与有效能力证据
- 能规划反馈闭环与持续改进
Four Integrated Components (Pillars)
Model ini menggabungkan 4 komponen utama yang bergerak sebagai satu sistem. Setiap komponen mempunyai fungsi tersendiri, tetapi disambungkan melalui kompetensi, bukti prestasi, dan maklum balas.
- Asas teori, konsep, standard & keselamatan
- Penjajaran OBE/CBET, NOSS/Occupational Standards
- Aktiviti: kuliah, tutorial, makmal, demonstrasi, simulasi
- Output: pengetahuan, SOP, prosedur, readiness
- Latihan dalam konteks kerja sebenar
- Aktiviti: apprenticeship, internship, OJT, projek industri
- Fokus: produktiviti, standard industri, budaya kerja
- Output: prestasi autentik & bukti kompetensi
- Memanjangkan pembelajaran merentas masa/lokasi
- Komponen: LMS, microlearning, video demo, VR/AR (jika sesuai)
- Fokus: persediaan pra-amali, latihan berpandu, refleksi
- Output: latihan lebih cekap + data pembelajaran
- Reskilling/upskilling berterusan mengikut perubahan teknologi
- Komponen: micro-credentials, short courses, certification, RPL/APEL
- Fokus: mobiliti kerjaya & relevansi kemahiran
- Output: kompetensi baharu + peningkatan gred kemahiran
This model integrates four pillars into one learning ecosystem. Each pillar plays a distinct role, yet they are connected through competencies, performance evidence, and feedback loops.
- Foundational theory, concepts, standards & safety
- Alignment with OBE/CBET and occupational standards
- Activities: lectures, labs, demonstrations, simulations
- Outputs: knowledge, SOPs, readiness
- Training in authentic work contexts
- Activities: apprenticeship, internship, OJT, industry projects
- Focus: productivity, industry standards, workplace culture
- Outputs: authentic performance & competency evidence
- Extends learning across time and location
- Components: LMS, microlearning, video demos, VR/AR where suitable
- Focus: pre-practice preparation, guided practice, reflection
- Outputs: efficiency + learning data for support
- Continuous reskilling/upskilling aligned with tech changes
- Components: micro-credentials, short courses, certification, RPL/APEL
- Focus: career mobility and relevance
- Outputs: new competencies + skill progression
该模型把四大支柱整合为一个学习生态系统。各支柱功能不同，但通过能力标准、绩效证据与反馈闭环连接成整体。
- 理论基础、标准与安全规范
- 对齐 OBE/CBET 与职业标准
- 活动：课堂、实验/实训、示范、仿真
- 产出：知识、SOP、学习就绪
- 真实工作情境中的能力发展
- 活动：学徒制、实习、OJT、产业项目
- 重点：产出、行业标准、职业文化
- 产出：真实绩效与能力证据
- 跨时间/地点延展学习
- 组件：LMS、微课、示范视频、适配场景的 VR/AR
- 重点：实训前准备、过程指导、反思
- 产出：效率提升 + 学习数据支持
- 随技术更迭持续再技能/提升技能
- 组件：微证书、短课、认证、RPL/APEL
- 重点：职业流动与能力保持
- 产出：新能力 + 技能等级提升
Big Visual — Integrated Learning Model in TVET (MC-ATERA)
Visual ini menerangkan ekosistem pembelajaran TVET sebagai empat domain utama yang mengelilingi teras Pelajar & Kompetensi. Setiap domain menyumbang aktiviti, bukti, dan data untuk membina kitaran peningkatan berterusan.
This visual frames TVET as an ecosystem of four integrated domains around a central core: Learner & Competency. Each domain contributes activities, evidence, and data to drive continuous improvement.
该图把 TVET 视为由四个整合域构成的生态系统，核心是学习者与能力。各域输出活动、证据与数据，形成持续改进闭环。
- Bukti prestasi: produk kerja, demonstrasi, video, artefak
- Bukti proses: logbook, checklist, catatan pembimbing
- Bukti pengetahuan: kuiz readiness, lisan, SOP knowledge
- Bukti refleksi: jurnal refleksi, post-mortem, improvement plan
- Data dari institusi + WBL + digital dikumpul sebagai bukti
- Assessor/coach memberi maklum balas berasaskan rubrik
- Pelajar membaiki prestasi → ulang latihan → bukti baharu
- Modul/aktiviti ditambah baik (continuous improvement)
- Performance evidence: work products, demos, videos, artifacts
- Process evidence: logbooks, checklists, mentor notes
- Knowledge evidence: readiness quizzes, oral checks, SOP knowledge
- Reflection evidence: learning journals, post-mortems, improvement plans
- Evidence is collected from institution + WBL + digital learning
- Assessors/coaches provide rubric-based feedback
- Learners improve performance → repeat practice → new evidence
- Modules and activities are refined continuously
- 绩效证据：作品/产品、实操展示、视频、成果物
- 过程证据：日志、清单、导师/教练记录
- 知识证据：就绪测验、口试/口头核查、SOP 理解
- 反思证据：学习日志、复盘、改进计划
- 从院校 + WBL + 数字学习采集并汇总证据
- 评估者/教练依据量规提供反馈
- 学习者改进→重复训练→生成新证据
- 模块与活动持续优化迭代
Challenges & Quality Safeguards (Audit-Ready)
Integrasi yang kuat memerlukan kawalan kualiti supaya TVET kekal berintegriti, selamat, dan sah. Di bawah ialah cabaran lazim dan langkah kawalan (safeguards) yang boleh terus digunakan dalam audit/MQA/TVET QA.
Safeguard: sediakan offline pack, jadual akses makmal, bahan low-bandwidth, bantuan data.
Safeguard: microtraining, SOP rubrik, co-teaching, template aktiviti blended.
Safeguard: tetapkan “practice-first hours”, rubrik prestasi, bukti produk sebenar.
Safeguard: triangulasi bukti (video + observation + product), timestamp, moderation.
Strong integration requires quality controls to keep TVET valid, safe, and auditable. Below are common challenges and safeguards suitable for QA / accreditation contexts.
Safeguard: offline packs, lab access schedules, low-bandwidth materials, data support.
Safeguard: microtraining, rubric SOPs, co-teaching, blended templates.
Safeguard: practice-hour minimums, performance rubrics, real product evidence.
Safeguard: evidence triangulation (video + observation + product), timestamps, moderation.
强整合需要质量控制，确保 TVET 有效、安全、可审计。以下为常见挑战与可直接用于质量保障/认证的对策。
对策：离线包、机房开放安排、低带宽材料、流量支持。
对策：微培训、量规 SOP、协同教学、混合学习模板化。
对策：设定最低实训学时、绩效量规、真实作品证据。
对策：证据三角验证（视频+观察+作品）、时间戳、评估复核。
Conclusion & MC-ATERA Positioning
Model Pembelajaran Bersepadu TVET memastikan pembelajaran bukan “kelas sahaja” atau “industri sahaja”, tetapi satu ekosistem lengkap yang menyambungkan institusi → tempat kerja → digital → lifelong learning. Kejayaan integrasi bergantung pada penjajaran kompetensi, validiti bukti, dan maklum balas berulang.
“An integrated TVET learning ecosystem that bridges education, industry, technology, and lifelong learning for sustainable talent development.”
The Integrated TVET Learning Model positions learning as an ecosystem—not a single venue—connecting institution → workplace → digital → lifelong learning. Success depends on competency alignment, evidence validity, and iterative feedback loops.
“An integrated TVET learning ecosystem that bridges education, industry, technology, and lifelong learning for sustainable talent development.”
综合学习模型把 TVET 视为一个生态系统，而非单一场域，连接 院校 → 工作场所 → 数字 → 终身学习。成效取决于能力对齐、证据有效性与反馈闭环。
“An integrated TVET learning ecosystem that bridges education, industry, technology, and lifelong learning for sustainable talent development.”